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我国致密砂岩气资源潜力、分布与未来发展地位

张国生,邓松涛

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第6期页码 87-93

摘要：

系统分析了我国鄂尔多斯、四川和塔里木等主要盆地致密砂岩气成藏条件和主控因素，提出斜坡岩性型和深层构造型是两种最重要的致密砂岩气藏。采用多因素叠合法预测有利含气范围，并通过对已知重点致密砂岩气田的解剖研究，刻度出储量丰度、含气面积系数等关键参数，采用类比法来计算主要盆地的致密砂岩气资源量。研究表明，我国致密砂岩气技术可采资源量为9.2万亿～13.4万亿m³，主要分布于含煤系地层的盆地中；致密砂岩气资源开发利用现实性最好，在国家政策扶持和工程技术进步的推动下，再经过10～20年的发展，有望成为我国天然气开发利用的主导资源之一。

关键词：致密砂岩气分布特征资源潜力发展地位

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我国致密砂岩气和页岩气的发展前景和战略意义

邱中建,赵文智,邓松涛

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第6期页码 4-8

摘要：

根据资源、技术和现状全面分析了我国致密气和页岩气发展的关键因素。从资源品质、类型和政策等出发，提出我国致密气和页岩气发展路线和三步走的发展前景。系统论述了我国致密气和页岩气发展对于改善能源结构和保障国家能源安全具有重要战略意义。

关键词：致密气和页岩气关键因素发展路线能源安全能源结构

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全球致密气勘探开发进展及中国发展趋势预测

杨涛,张国生,梁坤,郑民,郭彬程

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第6期页码 64-68

摘要：

致密气已成为全球非常规天然气勘探开发的重要领域之一，特别是美国致密气大规模开发利用，推动了许多国家进行致密气勘探开发的进程。从全球致密气勘探开发进展情况入手，对我国致密气的勘探开发历程、主要致密气田勘探开发成效、发展趋势及对策建议进行了系统研究。研究表明，我国致密气大致经历了三大发展阶段，目前已进入快速发展阶段。近年来在鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界、四川盆地须家河组、塔里木盆地库车深层发现了一批大型致密气田，致密气储量、产量均呈现出快速增长趋势，2011年致密气产量占我国天然气总产量的1/4左右，预计2020年致密气产量比例将进一步提升到1/3左右，成为支撑我国天然气工业快速、健康、稳定发展的生力军。

关键词：致密气勘探开发发展趋势产量预测

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Practice of Unconventional Gas Development and Engineering Management Innovation in China

Wen-rui Hu,Jing-wei Bao,Bin Hu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 18-29 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014005

摘要： This article analyses the recent progressive increase in resourcequantity and production quantity of unconventional natural gas in China, describes its natural properties and the concepts, strategies and approaches of its development, summarizes the special techniques, management concepts and development modes formed in the process of its development, and puts forward proposals to accelerate the development of unconventional natural gas of China. The technically recoverable reserve of unconventional natural gas is 1.7 times that of conventional natural gas and its output in 2012 accounted for 41.8% of the total output in China. Chinese tight gas development has gained success, coal-bed methane development and shale gas production pilots have made important progresses. As the key feature of unconventional natural gas is "low grade", for the effective scale development, developers must build up the engineering concept of low-grade resources development, adhere to the low cost strategy, take the development route of "a step backward and then a step forward", apply such ideas and methods of engineering management as low cost dualistic integrative innovation, full control network management, economic limit theory, integrated operation and "four orientations" engineering management, establish a "two lows" engineering management system, and take reference of the successful development mode of the tight gas in Sulige and the coal-bed methane in the Qinshui basin. In order to achieve the objective of rapid development of nonconventional natural gas in China and to accelerate the development pace, the government should continue to increase support, to speed up the reform of natural gas price adjustment, to set up national comprehensive development and utilization demonstration areas, to input in sustainable technological research and to promote engineering management innovation.?

关键词： natural gas unconventional tight gas coal-bed methane shale gas engineering management innovation proposals

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中美致密砂岩气成藏分布异同点比较研究与意义

童晓光,郭彬程,李建忠,黄福喜

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第6期页码 9-15

摘要：

致密砂岩气已成为全球非常规天然气勘探的重点领域。中国致密砂岩气分布范围广，目前已在鄂尔多斯、四川等盆地实现了规模开发；美国落基山地区是致密砂岩气十分发育和勘探相对成熟的地区。对比研究中美致密砂岩气的形成条件和成藏特征是加快中国致密气开发利用与开拓勘探思路的有效途径。中国与美国致密气藏对比研究表明，中美致密砂岩气具有以煤系地层为主要烃源岩、储层致密、存在异常地层压力、源储紧邻与气藏大面积分布等共性特征；差异性主要体现在致密气源岩沉积环境与热演化程度，储层非均质性及其致密化因素，气藏纵向和平面分布特征等方面；控制中美致密砂岩气成藏条件和特征差异性的主要因素是沉积盆地性质、沉积环境和后期构造作用。针对中国致密砂岩气的特殊性，加强储层非均质性、优质储层预测、气藏的分布规律的研究以及加强工程技术攻关提高单井累计产量是致密砂岩气勘探开发工作的重点。

关键词：致密砂岩气藏成藏特点差异性

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四川盆地致密砂岩气藏勘探现状与资源潜力评价

卞从胜,王红军,汪泽成,徐兆辉

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 74-80

摘要：

川中地区是目前须家河组已发现的储量集中区，由于气源的不充分性导致气藏含水饱和度高，规模经济开发难度偏大。在成藏条件综合研究的基础上，评价认为须家河组下一步勘探潜力区主要分布在川中西部的金华—蓬溪地区须二和须四段，以及川西北部的剑阁—柘坝场地区须三段，这些区域气源灶发育，生气强度大，储层保持较好，且构造和裂缝发育，多口高产气井和规模储量的发现表明其成藏潜力巨大，将成为须家河组天然气勘探的重要新领域。

关键词：大型化成藏源内成藏资源潜力致密砂岩气须家河组四川盆地

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URANS simulation of the turbulent flow in tight lattice bundle

Yiqi YU, Yanhua YANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 404-411 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0165-7

摘要： The flow structure in tight lattice is still of great interest to nuclear industry. An accurate prediction of flow parameter in subchannels of tight lattice is likable. Unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (URANS) is a promising approach to achieve this goal. The implementation of URANS approach will be validated by comparing computational results with the experimental data of Krauss. In this paper, the turbulent flow with different Reynolds number (5000–215000) and different pitch-to-diameter( / ) (1.005–1.2) are simulated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code CFX12. The effects of the Reynolds number and the bundle geometry ( / ) on wall shear stress, turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent mixing and large scale coherent structure in tight lattice are analyzed in details. It is hoped that the present work will contribute to the understanding of these important flow phenomena and facilitate the prediction and design of rod bundles.

关键词： tight rod bundle flow structure unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (URANS)

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中国致密油形成分布与资源潜力评价

庞正炼,邹才能,陶士振,杨智,吴松涛

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 60-67

摘要：

系统分析了国外成熟致密油区的形成条件与典型特征，为研究中国致密油的形成分布与资源潜力评价提供借鉴和参考。研究表明，国外成功致密油区具有“三大形成条件”和“七项基本特征”。三大条件为：大面积分布的致密储层；广覆式分布成熟度适中的腐泥型优质生油层；连续型分布的致密储层与生油岩紧密接触的共生层系。七项基本特征为：圈闭界限不明显；非浮力聚集，水动力效应不明显，油水分布复杂；异常压力，裂缝高产，油质轻；非达西渗流为主；短距离运移为主；纳米级孔喉连通体系为主；规模开采需要水平井技术结合分段压裂技术。从两大方面入手，系统比对了中国致密油的形成条件与典型特征，结果表明中国致密油资源潜力大，具备良好勘探前景。

关键词：中国致密油勘探进展形成条件典型特征资源潜力

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双光梳测距 Review

朱泽斌, 吴冠豪

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第6期页码 772-778 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.10.002

摘要：

绝对距离测量技术是动态和大范围空间测量的核心。新兴的双光梳测距系统可以利用其相位分辨能力和频率准确性实现高精度及快速距离测量。利用两台相干的光频梳，双光梳测距系统能够实现时间信息和相位信息的快速响应，突破了传统测距系统中的响应带宽、非模糊距离、动态测量等方面的限制。本文介绍了双光梳测距系统，总结归纳了实现该测距系统的关键技术。随着光频梳技术的发展和成熟，双光梳测距系统将有希望展开各种专业应用。

关键词：测距双光梳干涉仪相位噪声时间抖动紧密锁定后校正算法

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CO, N, and CO/N mixed gas injection for enhanced shale gas recovery and CO geological storage

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 428-445 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0865-9

摘要： In this work, using fractured shale cores, isothermal adsorption experiments and core flooding tests were conducted to investigate the performance of injecting different gases to enhance shale gas recovery and CO₂ geological storage efficiency under real reservoir conditions. The adsorption process of shale to different gases was in agreement with the extended-Langmuir model, and the adsorption capacity of CO₂ was the largest, followed by CH_4, and that of N₂ was the smallest of the three pure gases. In addition, when the CO₂ concentration in the mixed gas exceeded 50%, the adsorption capacity of the mixed gas was greater than that of CH₄, and had a strong competitive adsorption effect. For the core flooding tests, pure gas injection showed that the breakthrough time of CO₂ was longer than that of N₂, and the CH₄ recovery factor at the breakthrough time (

R C H 4

) was also higher than that of N₂. The

R C H 4

of CO₂ gas injection was approximately 44.09%, while the

R C H 4

of N₂ was only 31.63%. For CO₂/N₂ mixed gas injection, with the increase of CO₂ concentration, the

R C H 4

increased, and the

R C H 4

for mixed gas CO₂/N₂ = 8:2 was close to that of pure CO₂, about 40.24%. Moreover, the breakthrough time of N₂ in mixed gas was not much different from that when pure N₂ was injected, while the breakthrough time of CO₂ was prolonged, which indicated that with the increase of N₂ concentration in the mixed gas, the breakthrough time of CO₂ could be extended. Furthermore, an abnormal surge of N₂ concentration in the produced gas was observed after N₂ breakthrough. In regards to CO₂ storage efficiency (

S s t o r a g e - C O 2

), as the CO₂ concentration increased,

S s t o r a g e - C O 2

also increased. The

S s t o r a g e - C O 2

of the pure CO₂ gas injection was about 35.96%, while for mixed gas CO₂/N₂ = 8:2,

S s t o r a g e - C O 2

was about 32.28%.

关键词： shale gas gas injection competitive adsorption enhanced shale gas recovery CO₂ geological storage

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A novel methodology for forecasting gas supply reliability of natural gas pipeline systems

Feng CHEN, Changchun WU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期页码 213-223 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0672-5

摘要： In this paper, a novel systematic and integrated methodology to assess gas supply reliability is proposed based on the Monte Carlo method, statistical analysis, mathematical-probabilistic analysis, and hydraulic simulation. The method proposed has two stages. In the first stage, typical scenarios are determined. In the second stage, hydraulic simulation is conducted to calculate the flow rate in each typical scenario. The result of the gas pipeline system calculated is the average gas supply reliability in each typical scenario. To verify the feasibility, the method proposed is applied for a real natural gas pipelines network system. The comparison of the results calculated and the actual gas supply reliability based on the filed data in the evaluation period suggests the assessment results of the method proposed agree well with the filed data. Besides, the effect of different components on gas supply reliability is investigated, and the most critical component is identified. For example, the 48th unit is the most critical component for the SH terminal station, while the 119th typical scenario results in the most severe consequence which causes the loss of 175.61×10 m gas when the 119th scenario happens. This paper provides a set of scientific and reasonable gas supply reliability indexes which can evaluate the gas supply reliability from two dimensions of quantity and time.

关键词： natural gas pipeline system gas supply reliability evaluation index Monte Carlo method hydraulic simulation

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Life-cycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of gas-to-liquid fuel pathway from steelmill off-gas in China by the LanzaTech process

Xunmin OU, Xu ZHANG, Qian ZHANG, Xiliang ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 263-270 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0263-9

摘要： The LanzaTech process can convert carbon monoxide-containing gases produced by industries, such as steel manufacturing, into valuable fuel products. The life-cycle analysis (LCA) of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions from the LanzaTech process has been developed for a Chinese setting using the original Tsinghua China Automotive LCA model along with a customized module developed principally for the process. The LCA results demonstrate that LanzaTech gas-to-liquid (GTL) processing in China’s steel manufacturing is favorable in terms of life-cycle fossil energy and can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 50% compared with the conventional petroleum gasoline. The LanzaTech process, therefore, shows advantages in both energy-savings and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions when compared with most bio-ethanol production pathways in China.

关键词： life-cycle analysis (LCA) gas-to-liquid (GTL) LanzaTech process

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Latest progress in numerical simulations on multiphase flow and thermodynamics in production of natural gasfrom gas hydrate reservoir

Lin ZUO, Lixia SUN, Changfu YOU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 152-159 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0017-x

摘要： Natural gas hydrates are promising potential alternative energy resources. Some studies on the multiphase flow and thermodynamics have been conducted to investigate the feasibility of gas production from hydrate dissociation. The methods for natural gas production are analyzed and several models describing the dissociation process are listed and compared. Two prevailing models, one for depressurization and the other for thermal stimulation, are discussed in detail. A comprehensive numerical method considering the multiphase flow and thermodynamics of gas production from various hydrate-bearing reservoirs is required to better understand the dissociation process of natural gas hydrate, which would be of great benefit to its future exploration and exploitation.

关键词： numerical simulation natural gas hydrate dissociation thermodynamics multiphase flow

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Key issues in development of offshore natural gas hydrate

Shouwei ZHOU, Qingping LI, Xin LV, Qiang FU, Junlong ZHU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期页码 433-442 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0684-1

摘要： As a new clean energy resource in the 21st century, natural gas hydrate is considered as one of the most promising strategic resources in the future. This paper, based on the research progress in exploitation of natural gas hydrate (NGH) in China and the world, systematically reviewed and discussed the key issues in development of natural gas hydrate. From an exploitation point of view, it is recommended that the concepts of diagenetic hydrate and non-diagenetic hydrate be introduced. The main factors to be considered are whether diagenesis, stability of rock skeleton structure, particle size and cementation mode, thus NGHs are divided into 6 levels and used unused exploitation methods according to different types. The study of the description and quantitative characterization of abundance in hydrate enrichment zone, and looking for gas hydrate dessert areas with commercial exploitation value should be enhanced. The concept of dynamic permeability and characterization of the permeability of NGH by time-varying equations should be established. The ‘Three-gas co-production’ (natural gas hydrate, shallow gas, and conventional gas) may be an effective way to achieve early commercial exploitation. Although great progress has been made in the exploitation of natural gas hydrate, there still exist enormous challenges in basic theory research, production methods, and equipment and operation modes. Only through hard and persistent exploration and innovation can natural gas hydrate be truly commercially developed on a large scale and contribute to sustainable energy supply.

关键词： natural gas hydrate exploitation offshore diagenetic and non-diagenetic hydrate solid-state fluidization method dessert in enrichment area three-gas combined production on gas hydrate abundance

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Active-reactive power scheduling of integrated electricity-gas network with multi-microgrids

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 251-265 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0857-1

摘要： Advances in natural gas-fired technologies have deepened the coupling between electricity and gas networks, promoting the development of the integrated electricity-gas network (IEGN) and strengthening the interaction between the active-reactive power flow in the power distribution network (PDN) and the natural gas flow in the gas distribution network (GDN). This paper proposes a day-ahead active-reactive power scheduling model for the IEGN with multi-microgrids (MMGs) to minimize the total operating cost. Through the tight coupling relationship between the subsystems of the IEGN, the potentialities of the IEGN with MMGs toward multi-energy cooperative interaction is optimized. Important component models are elaborated in the PDN, GDN, and coupled MMGs. Besides, motivated by the non-negligible impact of the reactive power, optimal inverter dispatch (OID) is considered to optimize the active and reactive power capabilities of the inverters of distributed generators. Further, a second-order cone (SOC) relaxation technology is utilized to transform the proposed active-reactive power scheduling model into a convex optimization problem that the commercial solver can directly solve. A test system consisting of an IEEE-33 test system and a 7-node natural gas network is adopted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling method. The results show that the proposed scheduling method can effectively reduce the power losses of the PDN in the IEGN by 9.86%, increase the flexibility of the joint operation of the subsystems of the IEGN, reduce the total operation costs by $32.20, and effectively enhance the operation economy of the IEGN.

关键词： combined cooling heating and power (CCHP) integrated energy systems (IES) natural gas power distribution system gas distribution system